Glyphosate Wikipedia. Glyphosate. Names. IUPAC name. N phosphonomethylglycine. Other names. 2 phosphonomethylaminoacetic acid. Identifiers. Ch. EBIChem. Spider. ECHA Info. Card. 10. 0. 0. 12. EC Number. 21. 3 9. KEGGRTECS number. MC1. 07. 50. 00. UNIIIn. Ch. I1. SC3. H8. NO5. Download Oracle Jdbc Jar. Pc. 5 361 4 2 1. H,1 2. H2,H,5,6H2,7,8,9 YKey XDDAORKBJWWYJS UHFFFAOYSA N YIn. Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System AHCCCS Administration Arizonas Medicaid Agency. Ch. I1C3. H8. NO5. Pc. 5 361 4 2 1. H,1 2. H2,H,5,6H2,7,8,9Key XDDAORKBJWWYJS UHFFFAOYAEProperties1C3. Expired Listing Letter Pdf' title='Expired Listing Letter Pdf' />H8. NO5. PMolar mass. Appearancewhite crystalline powder. Density. 1. 7. 04 2. CMelting point. 18. C 3. 64. 1 F 4. KBoiling pointdecomposes at 1. C 3. 69 F 4. 60 K1. Fpc Presets'>Fpc Presets. L 2. 0 Clog P2. Acidity p. Kalt 2, 2. Hazards12Safety data sheet. In. Chem MSDSGHS pictograms. GHS signal word. DANGERH3. H4. 11. P2. 73, P2. P3. 053. 513. 38, P3. Dont be like the common agent. Take a different approach to your For Sale By Owner prospecting with this progressive, informative letter template. Chapter 1 Licensing of Vehicle Dealers Page 2 Revised March 2016 Change of Address. Established Place of Business Requirements for New and Used Vehicle Dealers. Expired Listing Letter Pdf' title='Expired Listing Letter Pdf' />P5. Flash point. Non flammable. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state at 2. C 7. 7 F, 1. 00 k. Pa. N verify what is YN Infobox references. Glyphosate N phosphonomethylglycine is a broad spectrum systemic herbicide and crop desiccant. It is an organophosphorus compound, specifically a phosphonate. It is used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with crops. It was discovered to be an herbicide by Monsanto chemist John E. Franz in 1. 97. 0. Monsanto brought it to market in 1. Roundup, and Monsantos last commercially relevant United States patent expired in 2. Farmers quickly adopted glyphosate, especially after Monsanto introduced glyphosate resistant Roundup Ready crops, enabling farmers to kill weeds without killing their crops. In 2. 00. 7, glyphosate was the most used herbicide in the United States agricultural sector and the second most used in home and garden 2,4 D being the most used, government and industry, and commerce. By 2. GBHs applied, with further increases expected in the future, partly in response to the global emergence and spread of glyphosate resistant weeds. Glyphosate is absorbed through foliage, and minimally through roots,678 and transported to growing points. It inhibits a plant enzyme involved in the synthesis of three aromatic amino acids tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine. Therefore, it is effective only on actively growing plants and is not effective as a pre emergence herbicide. An increasing number of crops have been genetically engineered to be tolerant of glyphosate e. Roundup Ready soybean, the first Roundup Ready crop, also created by Monsanto which allows farmers to use glyphosate as a postemergence herbicide against weeds. The development of glyphosate resistance in weed species is emerging as a costly problem. While glyphosate and formulations such as Roundup have been approved by regulatory bodies worldwide, concerns about their effects on humans and the environment persist. Many regulatory and scholarly reviews have evaluated the relative toxicity of glyphosate as an herbicide. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment toxicology review in 2. Hodgkin lymphoma NHL. A meta analysis published in 2. NHL in workers exposed to glyphosate formulations. In March 2. 01. 5 the World Health Organizations International Agency for Research on Cancer classified glyphosate as probably carcinogenic in humans category 2. A based on epidemiological studies, animal studies, and in vitro studies. In November, 2. 01. European Food Safety Authority published an updated assessment report on glyphosate, concluding that the substance is unlikely to be genotoxic i. DNA or to pose a carcinogenic threat to humans. Furthermore, the final report clarified that while other, probably carcinogenic, glyphosate containing formulations may exist, studies that look solely at the active substance glyphosate do not show this effect. The WHO and FAO Joint committee on pesticide residues issued a report in 2. The European Chemicals Agency ECHA maintained their current classification of glyphosate as a substance causing serious eye damage and as a substance toxic to aquatic life, but did not find evidence implicating it to be a carcinogen, a mutagen, toxic to reproduction, nor toxic to specific organs. DiscoveryeditGlyphosate was first synthesized in 1. Swiss chemist Henry Martin, who worked for the Swiss company Cilag. The work was never published. Stauffer Chemical patented the agent as a chemical chelator in 1. Somewhat later, glyphosate was independently discovered in the United States at Monsanto in 1. Monsanto chemists had synthesized about 1. Two were found to have weak herbicidal activity, and John E. Franz, a chemist at Monsanto, was asked to try to make analogs with stronger herbicidal activity. Glyphosate was the third analog he made. Franz received the National Medal of Technology of the United States in 1. Perkin Medal for Applied Chemistry in 1. Monsanto developed and patented the use of glyphosate to kill weeds in the early 1. Roundup brandname. While its initial patent2. Monsanto retained exclusive rights in the United States until its patent2. September 2. 00. 0. In 2. 00. 8, United States Department of Agriculture USDA Agricultural Research Service ARS scientist Stephen O. Duke and Stephen B. Powles, an Australian weed expert described glyphosate as a virtually ideal herbicide. In 2. 01. 0 Powles stated glyphosate is a one in a 1. Chemistryedit. Ionic states of glyphosate. Glyphosate is an aminophosphonic analogue of the natural amino acid glycine, and like all amino acids, exists in different ionic states depending on p. H. Both the phosphonic acid and carboxylic acid moieties can be ionised and the amine group can be protonated and the substance exists as a series of zwitterions. Glyphosate is soluble in water to 1. The original synthetic approach to glyphosate involved the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with formaldehyde followed by hydrolysis to yield a phosphonate. Glycine is then reacted with this phosphonate to yield glyphosate, and its name is taken as a contraction of the compounds used in this synthesis viz. PCl. 3 H2. CO Cl. PO CH2. Cl. Cl. PO CH2. Cl 2 H2. O HO2. PO CH2. Cl 2 HClHO2. PO CH2. Cl H2. N CH2 COOH HO2. PO CH2 NH CH2 COOH HCl. The main deactivation path for glyphosate is hydrolysis to aminomethylphosphonic acid. Industrial synthesiseditTwo main approaches are used to synthesize glyphosate industrially. The first is to react iminodiacetic acid with phosphorous acid and hydrochloric acid sometimes formed in situ by addition of phosphorus trichloride via a modified Mannich reaction. Oxidation then leads to the desired glyphosate product. Iminodiacetic acid is usually prepared on site, such as by reaction of chloroacetic acid with ammonia and calcium hydroxide to produce the calcium iminodiacetate salt and then acidification of the product. The chloroacetic acid approach is less efficient than other iminodiacetic acid approaches, owing to the production of calcium chloride waste and decreased yield. When hydrogen cyanide is readily available as a by product say, an alternative approach is to use iminodiacetonitrile, HNCH2. CN2, and diethanolamine is also a suitable starting material. The second involves the use of dimethyl phosphite in a one pot synthesis.